The Truth, Reconciliation and Reparations Commission (TRRC) has released its final reports following more than two years of investigations into the alleged human rights abuses perpetrated under the 22-year-old regime of Yahya Jammeh. However, fear and disappointments had engulfed the victims when President Adama Barrow formed an alliance with the Alliance for Patriotic, Re-Orientation and Construction (APRC) to support his re-election bid in the December 4th presidential election. To victims, this was a clear indication that Barrow’s government will not fully implement the TRRC’s recommendations for political interest because he would avoid angering Jammeh’s influential people, some of whom are in fact, indicted by the Commission’s findings. However, victims and activists found solace recently when the president had vowed to implement the report’s recommendations. Call and hope for justice Awa Njie, the widow of Abdoulie ‘Dot’ Faal, the slain military officer, would want to see the implementation of the TRRC recommendations on top of the government’s agenda. Dot Faal with several soldiers, was murdered extra-judicially on Jammeh’s order, following their implication in the alleged November 11 military foiled coup in 1994. For Awa, justice is all she needs after the mysterious killing of her husband in cold blood. “It is very difficult to look at the person who killed your husband, walking freely and you cannot do anything about it. If justice is not served, victims can take the law into their own hands.” “Even, if I’m going to vote it would be a person who would look at the victims and push the government to implement the TRRC report and make sure perpetrators are brought to book.” Among the human rights abuses caused by Yahya Jammeh’s government, religious freedom was at the centre of the right violations. Members of the ‘Ndigal’, a religious sect with origin in Kermonthali, in the Central River Region were evicted and forced to flee to Senegal because of their religious views. Talking to this medium, Yunusa Ceesay, a Ndingal member says there’s high hope on the government to implement the recommendations. “I have no reason to be pessimistic. I will however be extremely disappointed, if the government were to take any other action different from doing justice to the work of the Commission. Jammeh and his enablers must be held responsible for their crimes, and justice must prevail.” Like other victims, Yunusa Ceesay assured to vote for a person who would put national interest first and advise the government to implement the TRRC recommendations. “Whosoever is going to stand firm and defend that I would definitely vote for that person. My expectation from the next parliamentarians is the elected candidate to make sure that whatever is put on the table is properly looked into and aligned with the interest of the State instead of party or individual.” Sheriff Kijera, Chairperson of the Gambia Centre for Human Rights Violations, otherwise called Victims’ Centre, describes the alliance between Barrow and the APRC as unfortunate and a betrayal of trust. “The alliance is a slap on the face of victims of Jammeh.” On the contrary, he lauds the government’s initiative in establishing the TRRC which has unraveled the gross human rights violations that occurred during former president Jammeh 22 year’s reign; adding that, the Barrow’s government is the architect of the entire transitional justice process and therefore shouldn’t be anything to undermine the commission`s work. “Let’s give them the benefit of the doubt that they will implement the recommendations of the Commission. I’m confident that the Barrow administration will do justice and fully implement the recommendation.” Kijera and the Victims’ Centre are not relenting on their efforts to engage the government constructively by advocacy and bilateral means to ensure that the government is committed to implementing the TRRC recommendations. Stakeholder perspective The Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), Emmanuel Joof calls for efforts to make Gambians know about crimes committed during the 22 years rule of former president Yahya Jammeh. “There must be a sustained effort to make sure that Gambians from all walks of life know exactly what happened in the atrocities committed by the APRC government during the 22 years rule of Jammeh. The TRRC report will therefore be translated into all the major local languages and the information disseminated through the radio (including community radios, TV, and schools etc.” He expresses his institution’s commitment to engaging the government to take seriously the recommendations of the TRRC, and incorporate them in the anticipated White Paper which is due in May 2022; adding that NHRC, as a human rights protection mechanism, would be monitoring and investigating all future human rights abuses in the country. “NHRC will continue to engage the government and the National Assembly on reforming laws so that they are aligned with human rights principles and laws, especially international and regional treaties and conventions that the Gambia has ratified.” A human rights activist, Madi Jobarteh suggests the prosecution of perpetrators of the various human rights violations as recommended by the Commission. “…if we fail to address injustices and violations, the tendency for victims to take the law into their own hands is high, while the perpetrators will be empowered on the cause of human rights abuses without accountability. “When that happens then impunity prevails in the society, which means eventually it is a matter of survival of the fittest and a culture of violations becomes the order. Hence, the need to deliver justice is indispensable and urgent.” Assurance of justice Meanwhile, in his attempt to dissuade tension of anxiety among victims, President Barrow, during his first press conference following his re-election in December says that the TRRC is an important project in his government and would be part of his legacy. “I want to assure that there will be justice, reconciliation and reparations, it will all happen. We would follow the due process and take the right direction in which a decision would be taken.” The truth commission was established on the mantra ‘Never Again’ as it aspires to put an end to human rights violations in the country, following what some describe as ‘a bloody and traumatic 22 years tyranny’ by Jammeh. The Commission has submitted its report to President Barrow on 25th November 2021 and the Government is expected to issue a white paper on the document in May 2022.
Managing plastic waste along the coast is proofing to be one of the most difficult for poeople around the globe. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) , 8 billion tons of plastic waste enter the oceans annually. This has a negative impact on the marine species as over 1 million marine species die due to plastic pollution each year, the UN warns. In 2015, the Gambia government put a ban on the manufacturing, importation and use or sale of plastic bags in the country. Individuals found violating this regulation were liable to face penalties such as arrests or even prison sentences. However, progress in fully enforcing the ban has been challenging. The recent raid by the National plastic raid Environment Agency confiscated over 8.1 tons of plastic bags across the country. This shocking figure reveals the high prevalence of the use of plastic in the country. A group of individuals in the Gambia have taken it upon themselves to protect our beloved coastlines from the clutches of plastic waste. They are armed with determination and a deep love for the ocean, passionate about making a difference. With gloves and bags in hand, they pick up every piece of trash they find. From plastics to abandoned fishing gears. The Gambia Environment Alliance is one of the organizations fighting to protect the coastline. Muhammed Hydara, the Secretary of the Gambia environment Alliance says they embark on beach clean-up exercise along the coast of different communities emphasizing that, keeping our beaches clean helps to protect marine species. “The importance of beach clean-up helps us mitigate the number of marine debris in the shoreline, to beautify our beaches to attract more tourists and for Gambians to enjoy and have a good breeze. The effects of Ocean pollution are that it will create a dangerous impact to marine resources especially for Gambia that highly depends on marine resources. Beach clean-up is important to make sure that that we have clean beaches. We have all the communities involve in this exercise to make sure we protect our environment from degrading”, Hydara stated. Coastal Plastic Free is a community-based organization that have rallied to implementing plastic reduction initiatives. But their work doesn't end with cleanup. Together, they are creating a wave of change, inspiring others to take action and protect our fragile coastal ecosystems. “Plastics has cause series of problems to marine lives, in the river banks and also in the oceans. As a result of this, I decided to form Coastal Plastic Free, which engages in plastic clean-ups on the coast. We are making immense contribution to reducing plastic waste in the Gambia”, Sulayman Darboe, founder, Coastal Plastic Free. Hassan Ndow is the president of the Beach Bar Association and also a volunteer. Hassan recalls cleaning up beaches back since 2015, highlighting the importance of the clean-up activities. “I have long been on the beach and I have not been seeing the authorities do any waste collection on the beach. I take up the responsibility to be cleaning the beach. I stated from Bijilo to Brufut”, Hassan states. These organizations work to tackle the plastic pollution problems but their efforts have not gone unnoticed. Through social media and online platforms, they reach far and wide, motivating individuals across the globe to join the fight against plastic waste. With each beach they clean, each mind they enlighten, they are paving the way for a cleaner, healthier future for our coastlines.